NEW YORK (AP) ? Standard & Poor's Ratings Services has lowered its outlook on Greece's long-term credit rating, saying it is likely that the financially troubled nation will experience a shortfall in its 2012 budget amid a worsening economy and delays that have kept the government from implementing cuts.
The ratings firm downgraded Greece's long-term sovereign credit rating to "negative" from "stable."
The move reflects the possibility that S&P will downgrade Greece's rating if the nation fails to get additional funding from other eurozone countries and the International Monetary Fund.
Greece has been relying on such loans since high interest rates pushed it out of bond markets in 2010.
In return, it has imposed harsh austerity, slashing pensions and salaries, repeatedly hiking taxes and increasing the retirement age.
The Masai Mara is without doubt the most popular safari destination in Kenya. Every year, this magnificent game reserve receives a total of about 300,000 guests, many of whom come during the wildebeest migration season.
So, what are your options for accommodation when going for a Masai Mara safari? As you would probably expect, you have a wide range of choice from the basic camping sites, to the exclusive luxury lodges.
Basic Camping Sites
This type of accommodation is only suitable for those who really don?t mind ?roughing? it. You bring your own tent and all other provisions, and prepare your own food for the duration of your stay. You also share bathroom facilities with several other people in the site, and the toilets are mostly the ?long-drop? type (pit latrines).
Most of the basic camping sites in the Mara are located outside the main reserve. This however does not mean that you get a sub-standard game watching experience. There are almost as many animals here as there are in the main reserve, and if you desire, you can always go for game drives inside the reserve.
Some of the popular basic camping sites include the Oloololo, Iseiya, and Eluai campsites in the Mara Triangle.
Budget Accommodation Facilities
These are for travelers on a tight budget, but who also want to enjoy the comfort of staying in a proper lodge or permanent camp. Such lodges and camps offer full board accommodation, meaning that all meals are taken care of in the rate you pay. You will however have to make arrangements for your game drives with a tour operator, or pay additional fees to use the lodges? vehicles.
Most of the budget facilities in the Mara are permanent tented camps. They include Mara Springs camp, Manyatta camp, and Mara Sidai camp. Rates range from as low as $55 per person per night during the low season, up to $90 per person during the peak season.
Mid Range Lodges
A lounge at the Ilkeliani Luxury Tented Camp in Masai Mara
A majority of the lodges in the Masai Mara fall in this category. Most of them offer a luxury experience of some sort, and some can easily be considered luxury lodges depending on the evaluation criteria. The mid range lodges provide full board accommodation (breakfast, lunch and dinner are included). Most of them can also arrange an all inclusive package for you, taking care of all game drives.
Lodges in the mid range category consist of a mixture of tented lodges and more permanent (brick and mortar) lodges. Some of the lodges in this category include Mara Simba Lodge, Mara Sopa Lodge, Mara Leisure camp, Ilkeliani Luxury Tented Camp, and Ashnil Mara camp. On average, rates per person range anywhere between $100 to $250 per night, depending on the season.
Luxury Lodges
Naturally, these lodges offer guests an experience superior to that in the mid range lodges. What really distinguishes these lodges from their mid range counterparts is the superior luxury standards for ambiance, d?cor, service, food, and wine. The lodges also give you more exclusivity than that in the mid range facilities, though not comparable to the truly exclusive lodges.
It is still possible to stay in the luxury lodges on full board basis, then have your tour operator to organize the game drives for you. However, it may be better to take advantage of their great all inclusive packages.
Like with the mid range facilities, luxury properties in the Mara comprise of a mixture of tented camps, and permanent lodges. They include: Sarova Mara Game Camp,? and Mara Serena safari lodge. Their rates per person range from $200 to $450 per night depending on the season.
Exclusive Lodges
These are the cr?me de la cr?me of the Masai Mara lodges, the most top-notch, the best of the best. Obviously they are meant for the high end clientele seeking complete exclusivity and absolute luxury while on safari. Most of them have very limited guest capacity, catering to only as few as 14 guests at any given time. They are superior to all the other lodges in terms of service, d?cor, ambiance, and (most often) location.
The exclusive lodges only operate on all inclusive packages. The rate you pay often caters for airport transfers, game drives, all meals, beers, non-alcoholic drinks, and laundry services among others. Rates per person range from $500 to over $1000 per night, depending on the season.
Examples of these exclusive lodges include Mara Bushtops, Royal Mara, and Ngerende Island Lodge.
Where Can You Book Your Masai Mara Lodge
Africa Point offers a wide range of lodges and camps in the Masai Mara. Visit our Masai Mara lodges webpage at www.africapoint.com/hotels/maasai_mara.htm to select a lodge of your choice.
Lack of sleep can compromise the immune system's response to vaccines, in some cases making the shots useless. Christopher Intagliata reports.
August 7, 2012
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You've probably noticed you're more likely to catch a cold if you pull a lot of all-nighters. But lack of sleep can also compromise your immune system's response to vaccines. And in some cases, make the shots useless. So says a study in the journal Sleep. [Aric A. Prather et al, Sleep and Antibody Response to Hepatitis B Vaccination]
Researchers gave 125 healthy, middle-aged men and women the Hepatitis B vaccine?a three-part vaccine given at one, two and six months. And during that time, volunteers tracked their sleep habits.
Six months after the final booster, researchers took blood samples to see if the patients had rallied sufficient numbers of antibodies against Hep-B. Eighteen patients had not?the vaccine had failed. Turns out the vaccine was almost 12 times as likely to fail in volunteers who regularly slept fewer than six hours a night compared to those who snoozed more than seven.
Makes sense, because previous studies have shown that sleep deprivation cuts numbers of B and T cells?which coordinate the immune system's attack on bad guys. So remember, vaccines aren't magic. You still need a good night's sleep to give 'em a fair shot.
?Christopher Intagliata
[The above text is a transcript of this podcast]
?
With a daily average of 105 emails, 45 text messages, innumerable tweets, posts, and pics flying in and out at the click, the average professional participating in the global market economy has reached the era of informal instant communication. (The Radicati Group Email Statistics Report 2009-2013)
But despite the demands of integrating wide networks through multiple mediums, some things remain the same?like how we create a contract.
Here are some quick tips to avoid creating an unanticipated obligation: 1.Minds can meet where we tweet You might think you?re having a casual conversation, but your quick text exchange could become your formal agreement.
A Florida federal court interpreting Delaware law awarded $1.2m when it concluded that the word ?Awesome!? at the end of a instant message stream indicated acceptance of a counter-offer.(CX Digital Media, Inc. vs. Smoking Everywhere, Inc., No. 09-CV-62020, Order (S.D. Fla. Mar. 23, 2011))
In this case Smoking Everywhere, Inc. refused to pay the advertising and marketing bill from CX Digital Media, Inc. (CX). Smoking Everywhere said that CX had breached the contract, but Smoking Everywhere failed to take into account a string of instant messages between its director of marketing, Nick Taurus, and CX account manager Pedram Soltani.
pedracx (2:50:08 PM): We can do 2000 orders/day by Friday if I have your blessing
pedramcx (2:50:39 PM): You also have to find some way to get the Sub IDs working
pedramcx (2:52:13 PM): those 2000 leads are going to be generated by our best affiliate and he's legit
nicktouris (3:42:42 PM): I am away from my computer right now.
pedramcx (4:07:57 PM): And I want the AOR [agent of record] when we make your offer #1 on the network
nicktouris (4:43:09 PM): NO LIMIT
pedramcx (4:43:21 PM): awesome!
The lesson: your pre-meeting text or check-in chat might be as much a part of your agreement as the more formal recitation of terms contained in the contract.?
2.?That email could be your signed writing Even where no formal written contract exists, the exchange of emails can create a binding contact. In Waddle v. Elrod, M2009-02142-SC-R11-CV (4/24/12), two family members were in dispute over ownership of a parcel of land. The attorneys for both parties exchanged emails regarding a proposed settlement.
Ms. Elrod?s counsel set forth the proposed settlement terms including the transfer of the land. Ms. Waddle?s counsel replied ?that is the agreement? and typed his name at the bottom of the message. Three weeks later, Ms. Elrod advised her attorney that she had changed her mind and no longer wanted to settle the case. ?Ms. Elrod refused to sign the settlement documents.
Ms. Waddle subsequently filed a motion asking the trial court to enforce the settlement agreement. Ms. Elrod responded that the email exchange merely resulted in an agreement to agree, with many important material terms left unaddressed.
Unfortunately for Ms. Waddle, the court disagreed and found that the email exchange constituted a binding agreement with the attorney?s ?signature? at the bottom of the email making it a ?signed memorandum? sufficient to satisfy Tennessee?s requirements for a binding contract. The Tennessee Supreme Court affirmed the trial court?s ruling. (Waddle v. Elrod, M2009-02142-SC-R11-CV (4/24/12)) The lesson: an email can be just as much a signed writing as a traditional signed document, meaning that while we are another step closer to being paperless, we need to pay careful attention to what we put in our electronic communications!
3.?Protect Yourself How can you protect yourself?? Here are three concrete steps you can take:
1. Educate your team. ?Educate your principals, officers and employees regarding the potential legal implications of electronic communication. ?Make sure they understand that electronic communication is retrievable and discoverable.? Preserve text messages and other instant communication to avoid unpleasant surprises.? Many texting programs will allow for instant message streams to be emailed for easy archival.?
2. Clarify Methods of Contract Amendment.? Contracts should contain provisions setting forth how they can be amended or modified.? Amendment by electronic communication should be restricted to communications from specified officers of the company and should require a subsequent delivery of a written formal communication via fax, U.S. mail or messenger.? In addition, any communication should specifically reference the fact that it is intended to amend or modify the original contract.? Also, contracts should preclude amendment or modification via verbal communication or text message.
3. Legend Electronic Communications.As a catch all, don?t just excuse your typos due to the fact they come from your iPhone but add a legend in all corporate emails and instant messages that the writing does not constitute ?an offer, acceptance, amendment, modification or agreement.??
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ May you find Strength in Your Higher Power,
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Taizhou is located in southeastern China, Zhejiang Province, near the cities of Hangzhou and Ningbo. It?s a medium sized city with a highly developed economy. You can find convenient transportation, well-built basic constructions and beautiful city scenes.
For Taizhou, Taizhou Guide/Taizhou Business Directory/Yellow page (Huangyan,Jiaojiang, Luqiao,Linhai,Wenling,Yuhuan,Tiantai,Sanmen,Xianju )
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The third world will carry on starving until they have enough education to limit the number of children they have
There is no global overpopulation. Some places (such as Japan) are already experiencing population aging and decline, which is bad in many ways. Other places (such as the USA and specially Europe) already have sub-replacement fertility rates, and their population only grows because of demographic lag and immigration. It is predicted the the European Union population (now at 503M) will reach zero natural population increase by 2015 and zero total population increase in 2035 (at 520M), then start declining.
The USA will grow from 310M in 2010 to 403M in 2050. [1] Asia will increase from 4.2B in 2010 to 5.1B in 2050, then start declining. [2]
The only region that is really growing is Africa. It will increase from 1B in 2010 to 2.2B in 2050. [2] Then its population density will be 73/km2. [3] Compare that to the current population density in Portugal (115/km2), in South Korea (487/km2) and in Taiwan (641/km2). [4]
Global population is predicted to grow from 7B in 2011 to 9B in 2050 and 10B in 2100 [5] and start falling soon after [6].
And according to [7], 40-50% of America-produced food is thrown away. According to [8], 1/3 of the world food is thrown away. And this does not take into account that people eat, just for pleasure, excessive quantities of resource-intensive food (such as meat). If Americans/Europeans want to help the poor, an easy way would be to decrease (say, by 30%) their diet of meat. This will immediately reduce food demand and, for double bonus, the saved money can be donated to charity. And much arable land is wasted on subsidized inefficient corn-based ethanol. You can lobby your government to stop that.
Plus, there does not seem to be a negative correlation between population density and GDP per capita. [9]
African hunger is not caused by overpopulation. It is caused by corrupt and authoritarian governments, and by guerrillas/terrorists motivated by Marxism, theocractic Islamism, ethnic hate or simply greed.
Overpopulation fear-mongering is very old - at least as old as Malthus. One of its more recent incarnations was the 1968 book "The Population Bomb", which predicted mass starvation to occur in the 1970s.
Anyway, for better or for worse, there is already strong action taken by individuals, foundations, and Western governments, to restrict fertility in Africa.
1 : http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Analytical-Figures/htm/fig_11.htm [un.org] 2 : http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Analytical-Figures/htm/fig_2.htm [un.org] 3 : According to [2], Africa will have 2.2B people in 2050, and according to Google[10] and Wikipedia [11], the area of Africa is 30,221,532 km2 4 : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_by_population_density [wikipedia.org] 5 : http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Analytical-Figures/htm/fig_1.htm [un.org] 6 : http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Analytical-Figures/htm/fig_6.htm [un.org] 7 : http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=56376-us-wastes-half [foodnavigator-usa.com] 8 : http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/74192/icode/ [fao.org] 9 : http://sanamagan.wordpress.com/2011/03/10/population-population-density-gdp-per-capita-ppp/ [wordpress.com] 10 : https://www.google.com.br/search?q=africa+area [google.com.br] 11 : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa [wikipedia.org]